The fragmentation of plastic waste into microparticles in the marine environment gives them a high surface-to-volume ratio, giving them the capacity to adsorb POPs. The aim of the study was to determine the various pollutants adsorbed by plastic waste along the Togolese coast. To this end, nine samples were taken from three different sites and analysed using GC-MS and LC-MS. The LOD (Limit of Detection) and the LOQ (Limit of Quantification) of POPs were calculated according to the methods proposed by Vial and Jardy. Apart from pesticides, which were found in only one sample, PAHs and PCBs were adsorbed by all nine samples collected. Thus, the total concentrations of PAHs and PCBs at the different sites give respectively in ng/g; at Aneho, 677.16 and 26.95 on the LDPE debris, those of PP are 195.92 and 8.85; 136.34 and 4.04 on the PET sample. At Kodjoviakope, 596.5 and 14.6 on the LDPE sample; those of PP are 196.46 and 11.37; 105.15 and 1.6 on the PET sample. In the Fishing Port, 1182.56 and 9.87 on the LDPE sample, PP 336.57 and 13.04; 274.06 and 2.74 on the PET sample. The study showed that plastic fragments adsorb large quantities of pollutants (PAHs and PCBs). Researchers and politicians are therefore being urged to adopt appropriate measures to eradicate them from the sea in order to protect marine fauna and human health.

Baikunthpurkoriya forest division was surveyed to study on Epiphytes plant species observation was recorded randomly from to places covering the area from bottom to top of the forest. The present checklist of epiphytes plants of Chhattisgarh reveal that all the reputedly occurring constitute a wealth from the stand points of biodiversity, academic, economic, cultural, aesthetic and ethno botanical value. In mixed forest 70% Sal+30% other plants as were recorded. This plants are commonly applied as a fever, diabetes, birth control. The epiphytes plant flora is under various degrees of threat due to anthropogenic activity and elaborate the forest of Baikunthpurkoriya district are under severe stress owing to deforestation forest fires, felling of select huge tree species for timber medicinal products, mining activities etc. this has resulted in the decrease of forest tree cover and opening forest.

L'approche de modélisation d'accompagnement est devenue un outil incontournable dans la recherche interdisciplinaire et participative. Cette étude propose une analyse bibliométrique de son utilisation de 2001 à 2023, mettant en lumière son évolution, ses thèmes de recherche et ses collaborations. Les données ont été collectées à partir de la base de données de l'association ComMod sur 177 articles. L'analyse a révélé une croissance de la production scientifique, avec des fluctuations annuelles. Les thèmes de recherche couvrent un large éventail de sujets, reflétant l'adaptabilité de l'approche à différents contextes. D’importantes collaborations entre les chercheurs ont été révélées, soulignant l'interdisciplinarité et l'internationalité de la recherche dans ce domaine. Ces résultats ont des implications théoriques et pratiques. Ils soulignent notamment l'importance descollaborations interdisciplinaires tout en identifiant les gaps en matière de recherche. Cette étude offre des orientations futures pour stimuler la recherche sur l'approche de la modélisation d'accompagnement et pour promouvoir son utilisation dans la résolution de problèmes complexes

The companion modeling approach has become an essential tool in interdisciplinary and participatory research. This study offers a bibliometric analysis of its use from 2001 to 2023, highlighting its evolution, its research themes and its collaborations. Data were collected from the Com Mod association database on 177 articles. The analysis revealed growth in scientific production, with annual fluctuations. The research themes cover a wide range of topics, reflecting the adaptability of the approach to different contexts. Important collaborations between researchers were revealed, highlighting the interdisciplinarity and internationality of research in this area. These results have theoretical and practical implications. They particularly emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations while identifying gaps in research. This study offers future directions to stimulate research on the companion modeling approach and to promote its use in solving complex problems.

Momordica balsamina, a climbing plant native to tropical Africa, has been used in traditional medicine for various diseases and conditions. Its leaves, fruits, and seeds have biological activities, including treating diabetes and dysentery. M. balsamina's anti-HIV activity has been reported as an effective HIV-1 entry inhibitor. An extract prepared from M. balsamina leaves has been shown to inhibit the fusion of viral entry at a step subsequent to CD4 engagement but prior to the fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. This activity can be classified as microbicides, which can be applied before or shortly after exposure to the virus to reduce infections at a later stage.This paper aims to understand and review the botanical properties and chemical characterization of M. balsamina reported in the literature, providing a historical perspective and encouraging new studies on its potential action against viruses, including HIV. The phytochemical composition of M. balsamina includes secondary metabolites such as tannins, terpenoids/steroids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and saponins. The hexane fraction from the leaves was the most potent.The potential of lead compounds as pharmacologically and clinically active compounds is crucial for sustainable drug development against chronic diseases, especially HIV. The development of ribonuclease H (RNaseH) inhibitors remains unexplored compared to reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors, making it an unexplored antiviral target